Quantiied Assertions in Eiiel

This paper discusses extensions to the language Ei el, required to write more comprehensive software speci cations, where a speci cation in Ei el is a collection of class interfaces with features speci ed using an assertion language (i.e. a BON static model). The focus of the paper is the extension of the assertion language with quanti cation. Two forms of quanti cation are identi ed, which are distinguished according to whether the quanti ed variable is of reference or expanded type. A semantics for each of the two forms is described, and the consequences for assertion checking at run-time considered.